Excel Function

Excel BYROW function

Apply any formula to every row automatically — one result per row, no dragging, no helper columns.

BYROW applies a LAMBDA function to each row of an array and returns one result per row as a spilled column. It replaces the need to enter the same formula in hundreds of rows manually — one BYROW formula handles the entire range.

Syntax

BYROW(array, lambda)
ArgumentWhat it means
array requiredThe range to process row by row.
lambda requiredA LAMBDA function with one parameter (representing each row). Must return a single value.

Examples

Sum each row across multiple columns

=BYROW(B2:D20, LAMBDA(row, SUM(row)))

Returns a 19-row column where each cell is the SUM of that row across columns B, C, and D. No dragging the SUM formula down required.

Maximum value per row

=BYROW(B2:D20, LAMBDA(row, MAX(row)))

Concatenate columns per row

=BYROW(A2:C20, LAMBDA(row, TEXTJOIN(" ", TRUE, row)))

Joins all values in each row into a single text string separated by spaces — useful for building full names or addresses from separate columns.

💡 BYROW vs BYCOL

BYROW processes each row and returns one value per row (a column of results). BYCOL processes each column and returns one value per column (a row of results).

What version of Excel supports BYROW?
Excel 365 and Excel for the web only. Not available in Excel 2021 or earlier.
Can I use BYROW without knowing LAMBDA?
No — the second argument must be a LAMBDA function. Understanding the basic LAMBDA syntax (parameter name, then formula) is a prerequisite for using BYROW.

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